Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 

Rapid population growth and urbanization worldwide accelerate eco-environmental and socio-economic stress as well as adverse climatic and health impacts on urban dwellers. Atmospheric modelling research has largely been performed on a horizontal grid spacing of kilometres or larger due to a lack of understanding of the local-scale phenomena, appropriate parameterizations, and adequate modelling tools and computer resources. Urban- to hyperlocal-scale (at street or city block level) air pollution, climate change, and their impacts on population exposure and human health have increasingly received attention from both researchers and policy makers around the world. Several state-of-the-science models have recently been developed for urban- to hyperlocal-scale air pollution modelling, including the street-network model, the Model of Urban Network of Intersecting Canyons and Highways (MUNICH) that incorporates detailed representations of gas-phase chemistry and secondary aerosol formation pathways, and the Street-in-Grid (SinG) model that dynamically combines a 3-D Eulerian chemical–transport model (CTM), Polair3D, with MUNICH. There have been increasing numbers of developers and users for MUNICH, SinG, and other similar coupled 3-D CTMs and urban canyon models for street-level air pollution modelling worldwide, such as CALIOPE-Urban, the Operational Street Pollution Model (OSPM) coupled with the Danish Eulerian Hemispheric Model (DEHM), and the Parallelized Large-Eddy Simulation Model (PALM). Meanwhile, air quality measurement data at hyperlocal scales have become increasingly available for model validation and improvement. Recognizing the urgent need for scientific advancement, pollution and exposure assessment, policy making, and public health protection at urban to hyperlocal scales, we launched a special issue on air quality research at street level in 2018, in which we have published 20 journal papers: https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/special_issue994.html. This special issue (Part II) will continue to advance scientific understanding of local-scale atmospheric phenomena, promote discussion on state-of-the-science urban as well as hyperlocal street- and city-block-level air quality research including measurements, emissions, and model development, and encourage application for complex interactions among urban air pollution, climate, and health. The special issue (Part II) is open for all submissions which address the following themes.

• 3-D Street-in-Grid (SinG) model development and application
• Urban canyon and network model development and its incorporation into 3-D CTMs
• Urban and street-level air quality modelling in support of human exposure assessment
• Impact of urban traffic emissions on air quality and human health at a street level
• Hyperlocal (street and city block scales) air quality measurement and modelling
• Urban infrastructure-induced circulation and its impact on city planning

The purpose of the special issue (SI) is the collection of relevant contributions on the detection, analysis, and prediction of long-term changes and trends of trace gases and physical parameters of the atmosphere from the upper troposphere up into the ionosphere as presented at the TRENDS2022 workshop (11th International Workshop on Long-Term Changes and Trends in the Atmosphere). The SI will be open for contributions to the TRENDS2022 conference and co-located SPARC LOTUS and SPARC ATC working group meetings, as well as for other publications directly related to the scope of the SI.

The Tibetan Plateau is referred to as the third pole of the world and is representative of background region of the Earth’s atmosphere. Atmospheric photochemistry, in conjunction with the unique circulation pattern of Asian Monsoon outflow and prevailing westerly wind, leads to, as of yet, unidentified implications for climate change, the oxidative capacity of the atmosphere, local air quality, and health effects on local residents and visitors.

For a better scientific understanding of the background atmospheric chemistry and its impacts on climate change, air quality, and human health, multiple international campaigns, referred to as the @Tibet field campaigns, have been conducted since 2019 under the umbrella of the second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program (STEP). As supported by the major research plan of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) entitled fundamental researches on the formation and response mechanism of air pollution complex, the research conducted in the Tibetan Plateau and eastern China was underpinned by a number of instrument developments required to meet the specific demands of exploring air pollution and fundamental atmospheric photochemistry. This AMT–ACP joint special issue is therefore designed to intensively discuss data from @Tibet field campaigns and instrument development progress.

Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS) is the first instrument to observe air quality from a geostationary Earth orbit (GEO) successfully launched on 19 February 2020 and in initial operation after in-orbit tests (IOTs). GEMS provides hourly air quality information on both aerosols and gases at unprecedented spatial resolution of 7 km × 8 km. GEMS is a scanning UV–visible spectrometer measuring the hyperspectral spectrum in the ultraviolet and visible, which allows for the observation of key atmospheric constituents including O₃, NO₂, CO, SO₂, CH₂O, CHOCHO, aerosols, clouds, and UV indices. The mission opened a new era of air quality monitoring from space and will be joined by NASA’s TEMPO and ESA’s Sentinel-4 to form the GEO Air Quality Constellation in ~3 years to cover the most polluted region in the Northern Hemisphere. In this ACP–AMT special issue, the first results will be presented including instruments, IOT results, initial products, algorithm, calibration, validation from the recent GMAP field campaign, applications in modelling, etc.

Atmospheric ozone is one of the most important trace gases in the Earth's atmosphere due to its multiple roles: filtering harmful levels of ultraviolet (UV) solar radiation and shortwave absorption, being a greenhouse gas in the Earth's climate system, and being a powerful oxidant in the troposphere. Also, surface level ozone produces harmful effects on human health, ecosystems, and agricultural production. The latest findings and emerging research on ozone-related topics were presented at the 2021 Quadrennial Ozone Symposium (QOS) held online on October 3–9 2021. This special issue covers studies presented at the QOS and other relevant studies that are broadly related to the following subject areas:

1. stratospheric ozone science;
2. tropospheric ozone science;
3. ozone-depleting substances sources, sinks, and budget;
4. ozone, climate, and meteorology;
5. ozone monitoring and measurement techniques;
6. environmental and human health effects of atmospheric ozone and UV radiation.

This issue is open to all submissions within its scope.